Maryland Uninsured Motorist - Frequently Asked Questions

There are two scenarios where you can bring an uninsured motorist claim. First, if the other driver has no insurance and you have suffered physical injury (or property damage). Second, if the other driver has inadequate insurance which means that you believe your claim is more than the at-fault driver's insurance limits.

The term uninsured has a broad meaning under Maryland law. It includes phantom vehicle or hit and run accidents if the defendant has sovereign immunity, insolvent insurance companies, or the at-fault insurance company disclaims coverage because of non-permissive use of the vehicle or because the driver disappeared. In most cases, you will be able to find uninsured motorist coverage in Maryland if there is not an insurance company to stand up for the at-fault driver for whatever that reason might be.

Maryland law requires that all motor vehicle insurance purchased in Maryland have the state minimum of $30,000 per person and $60,000 per accident in coverage for personal injury in damages. Typically, the policy mirrors your own liability coverage although we see in truck accident cases instances where the trucking company has $1 million in coverage and the driver only has the minimum $30,000/$60,000 policy.

Maryland auto insurance policies have traditionally not stacked. That means that your uninsured motorist coverage is the difference between your policy and the defendant's policy. So if you have the same amount as the defendant you did not have any coverage.

In 2018, Maryland passed a law that requires the insurance company to offer EUIM which is the stacking of the policies. With this coverage, the policies stack instead of overlapping.

You can recover the damages you would have recovered if the at-fault driver had as much insurance as you do. So your claim is for your:

1. medical bills (even if they were paid by insurance or PIP),
2. lost wages (even if you were paid by your employer already)
3. pain and suffering damages
4. any other losses you may have

No. You must first submit a claim to the at-fault driver's insurance. It is their obligation to pay all of your damages up to their driver's insurance limits. If the at-fault driver's insurance company tenders those limits and you still believe you are entitled to more money either for your injuries or your property damage, you then have an uninsured (we call it underinsured) motorist claim.

The answer is no and all of this gets a little tricky. First, if you settle for less than the insurance policy limits, by definition you have no uninsured or underinsured motorist claim.

But to take the policy limits from the insurance company, you have to follow some slightly complicated Maryland legal procedure. Under Maryland Insurance Code § 19-511, there are procedures that must be strictly followed before you settle a case that allows you to continue to pursue your underinsured motorist claim.

Plaintiffs' lawyers call this the “pay to play” statute. Under this law, after the at-fault offers the policy limits, the uninsured motorist carrier gets 60 days to "consent" to acceptance of the offer. If the carrier does not agree to the settlement, then it must pay the amount of the offer to their own insured/victim.

Raise your hand if that makes sense to you. If you not an accident attorney who regularly handles these cases, it seems crazy. Why would your insurance company choose to pay your claim against the at-fault driver? You don't need to understand the underlying rationale. But the short version is that it can eventually get that money back, and it also gives the insurance company some tactical advantages when defending the underinsured motorist claim.

What you do need to understand is you must comply with the letter of this statute, or you are not going to be able to bring an underinsured motorist claim after you settle your case with the at-fault driver.

The answer to this question is tricky? The best answer is "probably not" because this is one of those "Yes, the policy language says we do but it is not a requirement to bring the claim under Maryland law" type issues. We think a plaintiff would win if these issues were brought to the Maryland Court of Appeals. Should you take this chance? Unless there was some unbelievably compelling reason, the answer is no. But these are the kind of issues that are foolish to tackle without an attorney who knows where the minefields are.

This is exactly what 95% of our uninsured motorist cases are about: a disagreement over what the claim is worth. The insurance company almost always greatly undervalues serious injury cases before a lawsuit is filed.

In what is a bad law, the uninsured motorist carrier in Maryland gets a dollar-for-dollar set off of its liability by deducting all paid workers' compensation benefits. You can find this draconian law in Section 19-513(e) of the Maryland Insurance Law.

In back-to-back questions, we highlight two significant weaknesses of Maryland law. While Maryland law does allow stacking in certain cases when the insured has more than one insurance policy, it does not in the classic case we face 98% of the time. The best way to explain this is by example. If the at-fault driver has a $500,000 policy and you have a $1,000,000 policy, the most you can get from your uninsured motorist carrier is $500,000. So your maximum recovery is $1 million not $1.5 million. So the amount of coverage is calculated by subtracting the underlying policy. The law in many other states is different. We field calls from lawyers in other states who are representing Maryland drivers asking us to explain Maryland uninsured motorist law and they are stunned to hear that we can't stack the policies on top of each other. But the law in this area is very well settled.

While there are some exceptions, the answer is no. So if you are driving your friend's car and that vehicle has less uninsured motorist coverage than you have, you can tap into your insurance. The law is designed to provide protection when you are smart enough to get more insurance coverage than the other driver.

You can get a judgment against the at-fault driver and then get the uninsured motorist carrier to pick up the difference even if the UM carrier is not a defendant at trial. But they have to be aware of the lawsuit and they can make the choice to intervene in the case.

Without question, insurance companies would much prefer to arbitrate their personal injury cases in Maryland. Arbitrations are generally favorable to insurance companies. It is just a fact.

In Maryland and 22 other states, insurance companies are prohibited from imposing arbitration. There is a statute - § 19-509 of the Maryland Insurance Code - that forbids insurance companies from inserting binding arbitration clauses in insurance contracts with their own insureds. In other words, Maryland public policy rewrites these contracts.

This is a good rule. Maryland's court system is a good one. It has well-established rules of evidence and procedural safeguards that plaintiffs are not going to get in arbitration, even with a fair and reasonable arbitrator because, by definition, the arbitration is a shortcut procedure to justice.

Does this mean arbitration is not an ineffective tool for plaintiffs in personal injury cases? No. Our law firm arbitrates (and mediates) many personal injury car accident cases with insurance companies because it is often an effective means of resolving the dispute. But we do so on our terms without bowing to the insurance companies and their handpicked arbitrators.

In some instances,severe injury or wrongful death claims, there are a few hurdles you have to climb with care because the law governing these cases is somewhat involved.

Our law firm is very familiar with the issues you face in these claims. If you want to discuss your accident case with an experienced Maryland trial attorney, call 800-553-8082 or get a free on-line consultation.